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Literally, Halal has a meaning “lawful”. As a Muslim, we obligate to consume halal foods. In several verses in Quran, Allah SWT commands us only consume halal foods, for example in Surah Al-Baqarah 168:
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ كُلُوا مِمَّا فِي الْأَرْضِ حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ
“O men! eat the lawful and good things out of what is in the earth, and do not follow the footsteps of the Shaitan; surely he is your open enemy”
Conversely, Haram is the opposite of Halal. It has a meaning “forbidden”. In the Quran, Allah SWT said in Surah Al Maidah, verse 3:
حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَيْتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ الْخِنزِيرِ وَمَا أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ وَالْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَالْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَالْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَالنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَا أَكَلَ السَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى النُّصُبِ وَأَن تَسْتَقْسِمُوا بِالْأَزْلَامِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ فِسْقٌ ۗالْيَوْمَ يَئِسَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن دِينِكُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِ ۚ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا ۚفَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ فِي مَخْمَصَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِّإِثْمٍ ۙ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
“Forbidden to you is that which dies of itself, and blood, and flesh of swine, and that on which any other name than that of Allah has been invoked, and the strangled (animal) and that beaten to death, and that killed by a fall and that killed by being smitten with the horn, and that which wild beasts have eaten, except what you slaughter, and what is sacrificed on stones set up (for idols) and that you divide by the arrows; that is a transgression. This day have those who disbelieve despaired of your religion, so fear them not, and fear Me. This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion; but whoever is compelled by hunger, not inclining willfully to sin, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful”
The verse above concludes that Muslims are prohibited to eat the animal corpse, blood, pork, and animals which are slaughtered in the name of other than Allah SWT. Additionally, the foods, which contain alcohol and other prohibited meats (such as frogs, dogs, etc.), are also prohibited for consumption.
The advance in technology brings manufacturing processes and most food processing use additional materials, such as emulsifiers, dyes, and food preservatives. These materials can be derived from animals which have a doubtful of halal’s and haram’s status. As a consequence, we have to be careful to choose which foods are consumable (halal foods) by checking the code additive (E-numbers). These codes are usually listed in the product composition or ingredients. More information about E-numbers can be accessed by this link.
Alternatively, if you do not want to bother to check the ingredients of each product you buy, generally vegetarian food (vegetarisch) or organic (biologisch) are safe (halal) for consumption. Some halal foods can be bought in Turkey’s stores, they can be found by checking the halal label on the package. However, it should be noted that not all the products or foods available at Turkey’s stores and restaurants are halal (including doner kebab). We strongly recommend that you ask the retailer whether the food is halal or not.